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Everything About Python Numeric Data Types: Beginner’s Guide | by Misha Sv | Dec, 2022

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Photo by Kai Gradert on Unsplash

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Integers
  • Floating point numbers
  • Complex numbers
  • Numerical operations
  • Examples
  • Conclusion

In Python, there are three distinct numeric types: integers, floating point numbers, and complex numbers. And numbers are created by numeric literals or as the result of built-in functions and operators.

Learning data types in each programming language is essential to understand the code and programs.

Numeric data types are widely used in many mathematical, statistical, data science, and machine learning solutions built in Python.

Python int (integer) numeric type represents an integer which is a whole number, it can be positive or negative, and it can be of unlimited length.

The int() constructor can be used to create an integer number in Python.

Consider the following examples:

a = 1
b = -2
c = int(5)
d = int('6')

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))

print(a, b, c, d)

Output:

class 'int'
class 'int'
class 'int'
class 'int'

1 -2 5 6

Python float (floating point number) numeric type represents a number that contains one or more decimals, it can be positive or negative (including infinity).

The float() constructor can be used to create a floating point number in Python.

Consider the following examples:

a = 1.0
b = -1.10
c = float('5.5')
d = float('-inf')

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))

print(a, b, c, d)

Output:

class 'float'
class 'float'
class 'float'
class 'float'

1.0 -1.10 5.5 -inf

Python complex (complex number) numeric type represents a complex number that contains one real and one imaginary parts, and is constructed from two real numbers.

The complex() constructor can be used to create a complex number in Python.

Consider the following examples:

a = 1+3j
b = -2+5j
c = complex(3,-7)
d = complex('1')

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))

print(a, b, c, d)

Output:

class 'complex'
class 'complex'
class 'complex'
class 'complex'

(1+3j) (-2+5j) (3-7j) (1+0j)

All numeric types support the following operations:

Image by Author

Knowing numeric data types and their properties is essential for operations

Addition operation

Performing addition of integers will result in integer type output:

a = 1
b = 2

c = a+b

print(c)

#Output: 3

Performing addition of integer and float will result in float type output:

a = 1
b = 2.0

c = a+b

print(c)

#Output: 3.0

Subtraction operation

Similar to addition operation, performing subtraction of integer from integer will result in integer type output:

a = 5
b = 3

c = a-b

print(c)

#Output: 2

and performing subtraction of float from integer will result in float type output:

a = 5
b = 3.0

c = a-b

print(c)

#Output: 2.0

You can also subtract a negative number which will result in an addition operation:

a = 3
b = -6

#Operation: 3 - (-6)
c = a-b

print(c)

#Output: 9

Multiplication operation

Performing multiplication of integers will result in integer type output:

a = 5
b = 2

c = a*b

print(c)

#Output: 10

Performing multiplication of integer by float will result in float type output:

a = 5
b = 2.0

c = a*b

print(c)

#Output: 10.0

Division operation

Performing division of integers will result in float type output:

a = 9
b = 3

c = a/b

print(c)

#Output: 3.0

Performing division of integer by float will result in float type output:

a = 9
b = 3.0

c = a/b

print(c)

#Output: 3.0

In this article we explored Python numeric data types including integers, floating point numbers, and complex numbers.

As your next step in learning Python consider reading about Python data structures in the following articles:

Originally published at https://pyshark.com on December 12, 2022.


Photo by Kai Gradert on Unsplash

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Integers
  • Floating point numbers
  • Complex numbers
  • Numerical operations
  • Examples
  • Conclusion

In Python, there are three distinct numeric types: integers, floating point numbers, and complex numbers. And numbers are created by numeric literals or as the result of built-in functions and operators.

Learning data types in each programming language is essential to understand the code and programs.

Numeric data types are widely used in many mathematical, statistical, data science, and machine learning solutions built in Python.

Python int (integer) numeric type represents an integer which is a whole number, it can be positive or negative, and it can be of unlimited length.

The int() constructor can be used to create an integer number in Python.

Consider the following examples:

a = 1
b = -2
c = int(5)
d = int('6')

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))

print(a, b, c, d)

Output:

class 'int'
class 'int'
class 'int'
class 'int'

1 -2 5 6

Python float (floating point number) numeric type represents a number that contains one or more decimals, it can be positive or negative (including infinity).

The float() constructor can be used to create a floating point number in Python.

Consider the following examples:

a = 1.0
b = -1.10
c = float('5.5')
d = float('-inf')

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))

print(a, b, c, d)

Output:

class 'float'
class 'float'
class 'float'
class 'float'

1.0 -1.10 5.5 -inf

Python complex (complex number) numeric type represents a complex number that contains one real and one imaginary parts, and is constructed from two real numbers.

The complex() constructor can be used to create a complex number in Python.

Consider the following examples:

a = 1+3j
b = -2+5j
c = complex(3,-7)
d = complex('1')

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))

print(a, b, c, d)

Output:

class 'complex'
class 'complex'
class 'complex'
class 'complex'

(1+3j) (-2+5j) (3-7j) (1+0j)

All numeric types support the following operations:

Image by Author

Knowing numeric data types and their properties is essential for operations

Addition operation

Performing addition of integers will result in integer type output:

a = 1
b = 2

c = a+b

print(c)

#Output: 3

Performing addition of integer and float will result in float type output:

a = 1
b = 2.0

c = a+b

print(c)

#Output: 3.0

Subtraction operation

Similar to addition operation, performing subtraction of integer from integer will result in integer type output:

a = 5
b = 3

c = a-b

print(c)

#Output: 2

and performing subtraction of float from integer will result in float type output:

a = 5
b = 3.0

c = a-b

print(c)

#Output: 2.0

You can also subtract a negative number which will result in an addition operation:

a = 3
b = -6

#Operation: 3 - (-6)
c = a-b

print(c)

#Output: 9

Multiplication operation

Performing multiplication of integers will result in integer type output:

a = 5
b = 2

c = a*b

print(c)

#Output: 10

Performing multiplication of integer by float will result in float type output:

a = 5
b = 2.0

c = a*b

print(c)

#Output: 10.0

Division operation

Performing division of integers will result in float type output:

a = 9
b = 3

c = a/b

print(c)

#Output: 3.0

Performing division of integer by float will result in float type output:

a = 9
b = 3.0

c = a/b

print(c)

#Output: 3.0

In this article we explored Python numeric data types including integers, floating point numbers, and complex numbers.

As your next step in learning Python consider reading about Python data structures in the following articles:

Originally published at https://pyshark.com on December 12, 2022.

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