Secondary eyewall formation in upper- and lower-layer vertical wind shear simulated in idealized tropical cyclones
Schematic diagram of secondary eyewall formation in upper-layer vertical wind shear versus lower-layer vertical wind shear. Credit: Yixuan He
About 80% of intense tropical cyclones (TCs) possess concentric eyewalls—namely, the primary and secondary eyewalls. The intensity of the TC can vary considerably during secondary eyewall formation (SEF) and eyewall replacement, posing a great challenge to predicting TC intensity.…