Profiling meltwater distributions to strengthen sea ice predictions
Photos a) and b) show the observation equipment used in this study. They were taken from the ice and underwater, respectively. Photo c) shows the arrangement of the observation stations, taken from a helicopter looking downward. Here, the white, light blue, and dark blue areas are sea ice (or snow), melt ponds, and leads (areas of exposed sea surface), respectively. The icebreaker Polarstern is moored at the bottom of the photo, and a number of…