Source or sink? A review of permafrost’s role in the carbon cycle
Exposed permafrost sediments and ice wedges in spring at a bluff near the Itkillik River, northern Alaska. These frozen permafrost sediments contain 50% more carbon than found in the atmosphere but can decompose if they warm and thaw. Credit: Jens Strauss, Alfred Wegener Institute
Permafrost, or ground that is frozen for two or more years, stretches over about 14 million square kilometers in the Northern Hemisphere, 15% of the…