Data structure

Understanding Vector Databases A vector database is a type of database specifically designed to store and manage vector data using arbitrary but related coordinates to related data. Unlike traditional databases that handle scalar data (like numbers, strings, or dates), vector databases are optimized for high-dimensional data points. But first, we have to talk about vector embeddings. Vector embeddings are a method used in natural language processing (NLP) to represent words as vectors in a lower-dimensional space. This…

Vector embeddings are a powerful tool in artificial intelligence. They are mathematical (numerical) representations of words or phrases in a vector space. Usually processed by embedding models, these vector representations capture semantic relationships between words, allowing algorithms to understand the context and meaning of text. By analyzing the context in which a word appears, embeddings can capture its meaning and semantic relationships with other words. Sample vector embeddings for a simple text. The…

There is an infinite discussion about the topic of knowing algorithms and data structures for a frontend (in my case, mobile) developer needed only to pass technical interviews in large tech companies, or if there is some benefit of using it in daily work. I think the truth is somewhere in between, as always. Of course, you rarely find a case when you need to implement a min heap or use dynamic programming approaches while working on UI and business logic for a service with a REST API, but having a basic understanding of…

Forget about artificial intelligence (AI) and all that fancy math for a moment. Let’s talk about cheese. Specifically when you are creating a charcuterie board. If you’re not familiar, the United State’s version of a charcuterie board is (literally) a board of wood or stone with a spread of meats, cheeses, and other tasty bits. If you’re doing it right, each meat on the board has been meticulously paired with a specific cheese to complement flavor, texture, and appearance (we eat with our eyes, you know). Creating a board…

Imagine you're a software developer looking for database optimization techniques, especially to boost the efficiency of queries in large-scale databases. In a traditional SQL database, you might use keywords like "B-Tree indexing" or simply "Indexing" to find related blogs or articles. However, this keyword-based approach might overlook important blogs or articles that use different but related phrases, such as "SQL tuning or "indexing strategies." Consider another scenario where you're aware of the context but not the…

If you're familiar with the FinTech startup industry, you may have heard of Revolut, a well-known FinTech giant based in London, UK. Founded in 2015, Revolut has garnered substantial investments and become one of the fastest-growing startups in the UK, providing banking services to many European citizens. While banking operations are often shrouded in mystery when it comes to how they generate revenue, some key figures about Revolut for the years 2020 and 2021 have shed some light on their income sources: As illustrated,…

Generative AI, with Large Language Models (LLMs) proved a powerful catalyst by pacing up the race of Artificial Intelligence across industries by enabling systems process, understand, generate, and manipulate human language in a way that was previously thought to be beyond the reach of machines.One amazing business application of Gen-AI in real-world enterprises applications is the customer engagement through generating personalized content that could effectively target customer, impress them and ultimately driving more…

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer unparalleled capabilities, but unlocking their full potential hinges on crafting effective prompts. The Large Language Models trained on vast troves of data possess an uncanny ability to generate human-quality text, translate languages, write different kinds of creative content, and answer your questions in an informative way. But their raw power remains untapped unless wielded with the right tool: the prompt. The prompt is the guiding hand that shapes the LLM's response. It's the key…

Due to the surge in large language model adoption in the Enterprises, GENERATIVE AI has opened a new pathway to unlock the various business potentials and use cases. One of the main architectural building block for GENERATIVE AI is the semantic search powered by the Vector database. Semantic search, as the name suggests is, essentially involves a "nearest neighbor" (A-NN or k-NN) search within a collection of vectors accompanied by metadata. This system having an index to find the nearest vector data in the vector storage…

PostgresML is an extension of the PostgreSQL ecosystem that allows the training, fine-tuning, and use of various machine learning and large language models within the database. This extension turns PostgreSQL into a complete MLOps platform, supporting various natural language processing tasks and expanding Postgres's capabilities as a vector database. The extension complements pgvector, another foundational extension for apps wishing to use Postgres as a vector database for AI use cases. With pgvector, applications can…