particle

By U.S. Department of Energy June 20, 2023Particle accelerators boost charged particles to high speeds to study their collisions, offering invaluable insights into quantum physics. These devices, either linear or circular, enable scientists to understand particle interactions. The Department of Energy Office of Science backs various particle accelerators across the country, contributing to advancements in particle acceleration and radiation generation research.Particle accelerators, machines that rapidly propel charged…

By U.S. Department of Energy June 11, 2023Particle accelerators are instrumental machines that propel elementary particles like electrons or protons to high energies. Their findings significantly impact numerous areas, including scientific research, product development, medical treatments, and national security.Particle accelerators, machines that speed up elementary particles, are pivotal in various sectors, including science, product development, healthcare, and national security. Utilized in over 30,000 operations…

In a groundbreaking study published in Nature Astronomy, a team of researchers led by Eileen Meyer at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, has challenged the prevailing theories about x-ray emissions from black hole jets. Artist’s concept illustration of a supermassive black hole emitting an x-ray jet. Credit: NASA/JPL-CaltechContradicting long-standing theories, a recent study has found that x-ray emissions from <span class="glossaryLink" aria-describedby="tt" data-cmtooltip="<div…

Earth is being continuously bombarded by solar storms, solar flares, and other solar phenomena since its very birth billions of years ago. The trend continues as we have seen multiple X-class solar flare eruptions, G3-class solar storms, super-charged CME clouds, and solar winds wreak havoc on our planet. Although this solar activity is dangerous and can cause significant damage to power grids, communication networks, and satellites, it might have also been the one thing that gave the gift of life to Earth. Yes, solar…

Scientists at the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences propose that the Higgs boson may interact with ‘new physics’ via decay into exotic particles, according to ‘Hidden Valley’ models. These models suggest that future particle accelerators could observe this exotic decay, potentially paving the way for understanding new physics beyond our current Standard Model.It may be that the famous Higgs boson, co-responsible for the existence of masses of elementary particles, also interacts with the world…

Dibaryons, fascinating entities in nuclear and particle physics, represent a state of matter where two baryons, each consisting of three quarks, are bound together. The concept was first proposed in the context of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory describing strong interactions between quarks and gluons.Dibaryons are subatomic particles composed of two baryons. Their formation, which occurs through interactions between baryons, is fundamental in big-bang nucleosynthesis, nuclear reactions including those happening…

Coffee Data ScienceLet’s do betterA few weeks ago, there was a discussion about fines in coffee where another coffee enthusiast noticed an anomaly for grounds less than 100um in diameter. I started looking more at some of my data and also found the trend he was seeing. However, I found another issue: binning.Particle distributions are made by binning particles and forming a histogram. How many particles are within 90um and 100um in size? What is the percentage of the total or what is the percentage of the total volume for…

A graphic representation of a particle beam in an accelerator. Credit: Greg Steward/SLAC National Accelerator LabThe algorithm combines classical beam physics equations with machine-learning techniques to reduce the need for extensive data processing.When the linear accelerator at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is operational, groups of approximately one billion electrons travel through metal pipes at almost the speed of light. These electron groups form the accelerator’s particle beam, which is utilized to…

Last week technicians at Argonne National Laboratory began to disassemble a particle accelerator known as the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a ring 1.1 kilometers around that since 1995 has shone as one of the world’s brightest sources of x-rays. It’s hardly the end for the facility, which annually serves nearly 6000 scientists from myriad fields. Within a year, workers will replace the electron accelerator with a new one that will boost the intensity of the APS’s…

Physicists believe most of the matter in the Universe is made up of an invisible substance that we only know about by its indirect effects on the stars and galaxies we can see.We're not crazy! Without this " dark matter", the Universe as we see it would make no sense.But the nature of dark matter is a longstanding puzzle. However, a new study by Alfred Amruth at the University of Hong Kong and colleagues, published in Nature Astronomy, uses the gravitational bending of light to bring us a step closer to…