solving

The quest to build Machine Learning systems that learn like us(Midjourney)The “holy grail” of Machine Learning is the ability to build systems that can both memorize known patterns in the training data as well as generalize to unknown patterns in the wild.It’s the holy grail because this is how we humans learn as well. You can recognize your grandma in an old photo, but you could also recognize a Xoloitzcuintli as a dog even though you’ve never actually seen one before. Without memorization we’d have to constantly…

A veteran astronomer has discovered that Saturn’s vast ring system is heating the planet’s upper atmosphere, a phenomenon never before observed in our solar system. By analyzing 40 years of ultraviolet data from multiple space missions, including NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, the Cassini probe, Voyager 1 and 2, and the International Ultraviolet Explorer, the researcher found that icy ring particles are raining down onto Saturn’s atmosphere, causing heating. This groundbreaking discovery not only highlights an unexpected…

The Advanced Research Projects Agency for Energy (ARPA-E) funds high-risk, high-reward energy research projects, and each year the agency hosts a summit where funding recipients and other researchers and companies in energy can gather to talk about what’s new in the field. As I listened to presentations, met with researchers, and—especially—wandered around the showcase, I often had a vague feeling of whiplash. Standing at one booth trying to wrap my head around how we might measure carbon stored by plants, I would look…

A Python implementation of Q-learning to solve the Taxi-v3 environment from OpenAI Gym in an animated Jupyter NotebookPhoto by Alexander Redl on UnsplashThe goal of the Taxi Environment in OpenAI’s Gym — yes, from the company behind ChatGPT and Dall⋅E — is simple and straightforward, making for an excellent introduction to the field of Reinforcement Learning (RL).This article provides a step-to-step guide to implement the environment, learn a policy using tabular Q-learning, and visualize the learned behavior in…

Bumblebees can learn by watching a trained bee demonstrating one of two ways to solve puzzle for a sugary reward, then copy the bee to solve the puzzle in the same way. Credit: Diego Perez-Lopez, PLOS (CC-BY 4.0)Bees that learned from others were more adept and preferred the learned solution over alternatives.Bumblebees learn to solve a puzzle by watching more experienced bees, and this behavioral preference then spreads through the colony, according to a study published on March 7th in the open access journal PLOS…

NLP | MULTIMODALITY | CHAIN OF THOUGHTS |The world is not only text: How to extend the chain of thoughts to image and text?photo by Giulio Magnifico on UnsplashSometimes getting to the answer is not easy, especially when the question requires reasoning. A model does not always have the answer hidden in its parameters but can get there with the right context and approach. What is the chain of thoughts? Why does this approach make it possible to solve multi-step reasoning tasks? Can it be extended to multimodal problems…

A guide to managing multiple Python architectures on the Mac M1 using pyenvPhoto by Jonathan Francisca on UnsplashI love MacOS.Perhaps its the certified Unix trait, its simplicity and elegance, or its seamless integration. But I love MacOS.From my experience, things just work.At the start of my professional career, I was a predominantly Windows user (and playing with Linux distributions on the side). Once I switched to Apple, as cliche as it might be, I never looked back.Long gone where the days of following step-by-step…

End to End Project with code of a PyTorch implementation of Deep Reinforcement Learning AgentImage by Arseny Togulev on UnsplashUnity is a popular game development engine that allows developers to create games with stunning graphics and immersive gameplay. It is widely used for developing games across various platforms, including mobile, PC, and consoles. However, creating intelligent and challenging game environments is a challenging task for game developers. This is where Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) comes into…

Concrete is everywhere: in buildings, roads, sidewalks, bridges and foundations for almost every structure imaginable. We make more concrete than we do any other material on Earth, and that volume is rising because of global development, especially in China and India. Cement—the powdery binder that holds the sand or crushed stone in concrete together—is one of the most energy-intensive products on the planet. Limestone used in it is baked at up to 1,450 degrees Celsius (2,640 degrees Fahrenheit) in enormous kilns that are…

Understand Transformers and harness their power to solve real-life problems in PythonImage by Aditya Vyas on UnsplashIn the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), researchers have made significant contributions over the past decades, resulting in innovative advancements in various domains. Some examples of NLP in practice are provided below:Siri, a personal assistant developed by Apple, can assist users with tasks like setting alarms, sending texts, and answering questions.In the medical field, NLP is being utilized…